Volume 1 Issue 8
August, 2001 | |
| Home Page and Index | |
|
Part 1. Samuel-II Gentry (continued) By Willard Gentry Abstract Nicholas Gentry We can guess only very roughly the date of Nicholas' birth, or for that matter, that of any of Samuel's children. Nicholas' placement in the order of Samuel's children is suggested by a date of marriage apparently earlier than any of his younger brothers. A gift, by Nicholas' father-in-law Richard Brooks, to Nicholas and Mary, of 100 acres of land along Dirty Swamp in Louisa County, was probably made on the occasion of their marriage(16a). In addition, he was the first of Samuel's children to sell his land in Louisa County and buy land in Lunenburg County. (Comparing ages of children is not helpful in the case of Nicholas for there is a curious gap after the date of his marriage until the apparent date of birth of his first confirmed child.) Samuel-II's son Nicholas is clearly identified as the husband of Mary Brooks in the deed of gift from his father-in-law. He was distinguished in Louisa County land records by the appellation "the younger" in distinction to Nicholas "Senior", who was Nicholas-II and his son Nicholas "Junior". [Note. It has been mentioned in this Journal before, but bears emphasizing again that Mary Brooks was NOT the wife of Samuel-II's brother, Nicholas-II, in spite of repeated assertions to the contrary in genealogical literature of every imaginable variety. Nicholas Sr.'s wife Jane is mentioned in a Louisa County deed dated 28 Nov 1776 [Book E-124], "Nicholas Gentry and wife Jane of Trinity Parish and Louisa County, deed land" [at a time when Samuel's son was in North Carolina], and Nicholas Jr. appears in deeds such as that of 26 May 1752 [Book A-462], "Edward Stringer deeds to Nicholas Gentry Jr. and wife Elizabeth [daughter of Edward Stringer], 70 acres of land on which Nicholas Gentry now lives on Gold Mine Creek." [On the occasion of their marriage?]. Unfortunately, once faulty information has spread, it becomes very difficult to correct.] ![]() Lunenburg County showing land grants and watercourses Nicholas and Mary sold their Louisa County land in 1746(16b). Within a year after that, Nicholas bought land from Mary's uncle, Robert Brooks, in Lunenburg County on the North Meherrin River at the mouth of Reedy Creek(17a). Nicholas was listed in Lunenburg County tax lists for the years immediately following his move, in close association with Robert and Richard Brooks(18). Nicholas was living close enough to upper Reedy Creek that he could witness a number of deeds involving both members of the Brooks family and also his brother Joseph. Nicholas and his brothers Joseph and Simon were living close enough together in 1757 to be assigned by the County Court to maintain a road in their vicinity. In 1765, he was assigned road duty again, this time with Joseph and Richard Gentry. Nicholas and Mary sold their land in two installments, in 1766 and 1767, shortly before leaving Lunenburg County to live in Surry County, North Carolina(17b,c). Nicholas' brother, Richard, witnessed both of these deeds, and it is very possible that he was living on a part of Nicholas' land prior to its sale (Richard is not known to have had any of his own) and then joined Nicholas in moving to North Carolina. In 1768, Nicholas was listed in a Rowan County (the precursor to Surry
County), North Carolina tax list along with Joseph(38b). His Surry
County record begins with 1771 when he witnessed two deeds and was taxed along
with Richard and Samuel(38c,d). Thereafter he appears repeatedly in
Surry County records, along with members of his family. He lived along Deep
Creek in the southern part of the county until his death, apparently in 1800.
(He was assessed for 142 acres in the 1800 Surry County tax list, but was not in
the 1800 federal census, and was included in no later tax lists.) There is no
mention of his wife Mary in any North Carolina references where relinquishment of
dower rights appear not to have been as important as in Virginia, but she appears
to have been still living at the time of the 1790 federal census.
Joseph Gentry Joseph's only appearance in Louisa County records was as a witness in 1762 to his father's final deed of sale of the family's Dirty Swamp property. But like his older brothers, Joseph's name can be found in a wide variety of references in Lunenburg County. Joseph apparently lagged behind David and Nicholas in moving to Lunenburg County, since the first reference to him was his purchase in 1752 of 490 acres on Reedy Creek originally granted partly to Michael Mackey and partly to Abraham Cocke(19a). In 1756, he sold 274 acres of this land, witnessed by Nicholas and Simon, to a William Shelton who is believed to have been his father-in-law(19b). We can reason that Joseph was next in age to Nicholas among Samuel's children even though his brother Allen may have married before Joseph and appeared to have children older than his. This reasoning is based on the fact that Allen was in Lunenburg County for at least three years before he acquired land of his own, suggesting that Allen probably lived with Joseph during those first years. Joseph continued to occupy at least a part of this same land along Reedy Creek until finally selling the last of it in 1770(19c). Interestingly, his brother Allen and wife Mary were listed as co-owners in the final deed of sale, and Allen may have provided part of the original money for it even though not listed in the title. As mentioned for Nicholas, Joseph lived close enough to his brothers Nicholas and Simon in 1757, and to Nicholas and Richard in 1765, to be included in the same road maintenance gang. Since neither Simon nor Richard were ever recorded as owning any land in Lunenburg County, either or both of them may also have lived with Joseph at those particular times. Like Nicholas, Joseph moved to North Carolina about 1768 when he was listed in
two
Rowan County
tax lists in the period just before Rowan County was divided to form Surry
County(38a,b).
He and his family were in Surry County records repeatedly from 1771 onwards until
his
death in April
1813. Joseph left a will naming all his family(20), and his widow,
Agnes,
also left a very
abbreviated will in 1826. The wealth of references to Joseph in both Virginia
and North
Carolina records
will not be further covered in this article where the focus is on his father
Samuel.
Allen Gentry Note. Despite the fact that GFA lists Allen as "Allen A. Gentry", there is no evidence that he had a middle name. Rather, the mark that he used in signing his name to documents, namely the letter "A", has been confused with a middle name. The same is true of Joseph who is sometimes listed in genealogy sources as "Joseph G. Gentry". The timing of moves by Allen's family is found in testimony given by his son, Meshack, in applying for a Revolutionary War pension(39a). Meshack stated that he was born in Louisa County, Virginia (about.1748 based upon his age at time of testimony), and moved to Lunenburg County when he was 4 (about 1752). He lived there until he was 25 (about 1773), when he moved to Caswell County, North Carolina. Since Meshack's brother, Shadrack, was presumably older than he, we can estimate Shadrack's birth as being roughly 1746, and Allen's marriage perhaps 1745. This date of marriage and subsequent birth of Allen's children appear to have been somewhat earlier than Joseph's (the latter's oldest son, Samuel was born about 1748). On the other hand, Joseph appears to have taken a lead role in moving from Louisa County and in purchasing land in Lunenburg County, as might be expected of an older brother. Accordingly, we have already suggested that Joseph was the older of the two. Allen bought land of his own in 1755(21), some distance to the east
of Joseph on Crooked Creek. Allen sold at least a part of this land in
1759(22) but turned around and bought more land (from Hezekiah Gentry
and William Gentry in 1761 and 1763) on Flat Rock Creek, part of the Richard
Taliaferro grant. Cumberland Parish processioning reports locate Allen along
with William and David in 1760(23a), and back at Reedy Creek in
1768(23b-d). We have already mentioned that in 1770 he joined with
Joseph in selling the last of the latter's land along Reedy Creek. Allen does
not appear in any more Lunenburg records after that, but moved briefly (with his
son Meshack) to Surry County in 1772, staying just long enough to appear in the
1772 tax lists for that county(38d). Thereafter, he went his own way,
separate from his brothers, moving to Caswell County, North Carolina. We have
commented earlier that Allen's father, Samuel, may have been living with him
until at least 1779. While Meshack lived for a number of years after his war
service, in Halifax County, Virginia, Allen and the rest of his family appear to
have lived on the North Carolina side of the Virginia border, although records
are lacking. It is unfortunate that census records are of little help. All of
the Virginia census records for 1790 as well as the Nash district of Caswell
County, North Carolina (which encompassed what later became Person County) were
destroyed. Accordingly, we have no record from that source of the location or
composition of Allen's immediate household nor the families of his children. The
1800 records for Virginia are also missing, but the 1800 census for Person County
(which is not complete) shows Shadrack's family, and Andrew and Mary Buchanan's
family (Allen's daughter) living there. Regardless of his actual residence,
Allen's will was received for probate in the Halifax County Court in
1802(24).
Simon Gentry Whatever the origin of the name Simon in the Gentry family, it became a common one as David, Richard, and Allen's son Shadrack all had a son named Simon. The elder Simon's name appears infrequently in records in connection with Samuel's family. He was living in Lunenburg County in 1756 in proximity to David when Simon and David were charged with laying out a new road to Reedy Creek Church(25a). Then after the road was approved Nicholas and Joseph, along with Simon were included in a County Court order to provide manpower for maintaining the new road(25b). Since he owned no land of his own at the time (nor did David), it was probable that he was living with one of his brothers. It is difficult to estimate his age other than that he was undoubtedly younger than the four oldest of Samuel's sons, and probably younger than his sister Ann. The fact that he appears in various records before Richard, suggests that Simon was older than Richard. Simon's marriage to Susannah Brown appears to have been somewhat later in life
than many marriages, but it is possible that Simon had a first wife, in Lunenburg
County, who died without record. We have no way of knowing what led Simon away
from his family to Cumberland County where he was married in 1760, and where he
lived until his death in 1792(26b). He returned to Louisa County in
1762, long enough to witness the sale of the last of his father's land, and he
may have returned to Lunenburg County in 1763 to appear in court in a case
involving disclaimer (although the Simon named in the suit may have been David's
son). Thereafter, he appears in a series of Cumberland County Court citations in
which he was involved with inventorying estates, appraising estates, or serving
as an executor for estates(26a). Simon's activity with legal matters
connected with estates leads one to wonder if he became a lawyer, or at least was
closely connected with paralegal activities.
John Gentry In a Lunenburg County Court order of October 1761, a "Joseph Gentry, orphan
son of John Gentry" was bound to Samuel Gentry (see refr 6a of previous Journal
issue). ("Bondage" was the appropriate legal action taken to provide care for a
minor who did not possess property, "guardianship" was reserved for the latter.)
One must assume that this Joseph was a young child, both of whose parents had
recently died (undoubtedly from illness). This Joseph has never been heard of
since, so we may further assume that Joseph also died before maturity. His
parent, John, probably was the John Gentry who appeared in court in 1754 to
answer a claim for debt(27), which suggests he was born within a year
or two before or after 1730. Who was this John? The fact that the orphan Joseph
was bound to Samuel rather than any of Samuel's sons suggests that John was not a
son of any of the latter. Moreover, of Samuel's sons, only David was old enough
to be a likely father, and he already had a son John, (younger than this John),
who went on with David's family to South Carolina. The only logical conclusion is
that this John was an otherwise undocumented son of Samuel-II. It is possible
that John lived for a time with his brother David, for in 1759, a John Gentry
witnessed a deed in Johnston County, North Carolina(28). This was at a
time after David had moved to Johnston County, at least temporarily, and while it
may have been David's son, John, who served as a witness, the latter was younger
than would be expected to be chosen as a witness. The fact that this presumed
son John appears in two references before there are any references to Richard
Gentry suggests that he may have been older than Richard.
Richard Gentry Richard's name appears in the Virginia records mostly as a witness. The first mention of Richard occurred in Lunenburg County in 1759 when he joined with Joseph in witnessing a deed for his brother David. He was among those who witnessed the final sale of his father's land in Louisa County in 1762(29). Whether he was living in Louisa County and left there briefly to witness the Lunenburg deed, or whether he was living in Lunenburg County at the time and returned to Louisa County for the 1762 witnessing is not clear. It is possible that Richard stayed in Louisa County on Samuel's land after the rest of the family moved, until the time came for the land to be sold. In 1765, he was assigned by the County Court to assist in road maintenance
along with Nicholas and Joseph among others(30). We have already
suggested that he may have been living with Nicholas at the time. Richard's last
occasion for serving as a witness in Lunenburg County was in 1766 and 1767 at the
time of the final sale of Nicholas' land(17b,c). Richard, Nicholas,
and Samuel Gentry appeared in Surry County, North Carolina records beginning in
1771 when they were in the first tax lists for that county(38c,d).
Richard and Samuel both received land grants in the western part of Surry County,
in what is now Yadkin County, near a hill called Fox Knob (or Fox Nob), at the
headwaters of Deep Creek. Richard spent the rest of his life there until his
death in about 1812(31).
William Gentry It is by no means certain that William was a son of Samuel Gentry rather than David Gentry with whom he is often linked in genealogical records. The latter possibility arises from the fact that in 1750, William was living with David in Lunenburg County at the time of one of the first tax lists (see refr 12 in previous issue of Journal) but was this as a son or a younger brother? He was not included in 1749, the first year of the listings, which suggests that if he was living with David at that time he was not sixteen in that year (when he would first be liable for a poll tax), but reached that age the following year. To confuse matters, however, in 1752 William was no longer with David, but was listed next to Nicholas Gentry in a different enumeration district. In view of his later association with Joseph Gentry in Surry County, North Carolina, rather than with the members of David's family in South Carolina, this writer is of the opinion that he was a brother, not a son of David. In either case, he had very close associations while living in Lunenburg County with David and with Allen Gentry. They bought and sold land from each other, and witnessed deeds--all in the vicinity of Flat Rock Creek, on the eastern side of Lunenburg County(33). The name of his wife, Lucy, appears once in Lunenburg County Court records in 1759 when William and Lucy participated as plaintiffs in a suit for debt, probably soon after they were married(32). William bought land for the first time the following year. A son, Claiborne, was born in 1761 in Lunenburg County, according to testimony many years later by Claiborne when he applied for a Revolutionary War pension in Tennessee(39b). William was in Surry County in 1772, living along the Yadkin River, near or
with Joseph when he was hired by the Moravians of Old Salem to build a bridge
across Muddy Creek on a road from Salem to the Yadkin River. The Moravian records
show this bridge to have been completed by the end of 1772, but within a few
months, William had died perhaps of drowning in connection with building an
extension of this same bridge. Lucy was named to administer his
estate(34) and was left to raise a family which continued to live in
that same area for many years afterwards.
Samuel Gentry Samuel-III was very likely the youngest of Samuel-II's children. He is not mentioned in any of the Louisa County or Lunenburg County records. The earliest apparent reference to him is in Johnston County, North Carolina in 1761 and 1762, where a Samuel Gentry served as a chainbearer for the surveying of two plots of land(35). This physically demanding task must surely have been undertaken by a younger man than Samuel-II, who at that time would have been approximately 70 years of age. Thus, it appears that the chainbearer Samuel must have been Samuel-III. This was at a time when David Gentry was involved in Johnston County, and Samuel was probably living with him. There is also a brief reference in 1767 when apparently this same Samuel witnessed a deed recorded shortly after Mecklenburg County was separated (in 1764) from Lunenburg County(36). The man who purchased this land, appears to be the same William Allen of Johnston County who acquired what must have been closely neighboring land for which David and Hezekiah Gentry served as witness in 1759 and probably a brother of the David Allen and Reynolds Allen mentioned in the Johnston County surveys. Whatever the connection of Samuel with David Gentry in Johnston County, he appears to have followed his other Gentry siblings to Surry County rather than following David's family to South Carolina. Accordingly, one must conclude that the younger Samuel was a brother of the Surry County Gentrys. Samuel is found in scattered references in that county, most importantly in connection with a land grant on Fox Knob, close to Richard Gentry. He is probably the Samuel included in tax lists for 1768 to 1772(38a,c,d), then again after the war, in a number of tax lists beginning in 1781. Whether his land was unsuitable for farming, or for whatever reason, Samuel apparently abandoned it and by 1790 was living in Spartanburg District, South Carolina. Samuel died shortly before 1800. His family and their location in South Carolina are documented in an 1801 Surry County deed where his four sons, as heirs of their deceased father, disposed of his property on Fox Knob(37). [Note. Between 1790 and 1800 there were three Samuel Gentrys in Spartanburg District, namely Samuel-III, whom I will identify in this context as Samuel Sr., his son Samuel Jr., and a third Samuel whom I will identify as Samuel the Younger. Samuel Sr. was in the 1790 census under the name "Sam'l Jentry" and included Samuel Jr. in his family. Samuel the Younger was listed under the name "Samuel Gentry". The latter and Samuel Jr were present in the 1800 census, both as "Samuel Gentry", but Samuel Sr. was missing.] Nathaniel Gentry Gentry Family Cousins and In-Laws The number of Gentry in-laws in Louisa and Lunenburg County was much larger than the number of possible cousins. By the terms of the will of Richard Brooks Sr. of St. Paul's Parish in 1731, we know that he had a wife Mary, and sons Richard Jr. and Robert among other heirs. Richard Jr. and his wife Elizabeth were the parents of Sarah and Mary Brooks who married Gentry brothers, and it was Richard Jr. who sold part of his land along Dirty Swamp to Samuel Gentry when the latter obtained his first grant of land in Louisa County. On moving to Lunenburg County, Richard Jr. became known as Richard Sr. He in turn had a son who was the Richard Jr. of Lunenburg County records and who died prematurely in 1757. David Gentry served as a bondsman for this Richard's widow, Susannah, and Samuel Gentry was assigned by the courts to inventory the estate. Other sons of the elder Richard were Elisha (who accompanied his sister, Sarah Gentry, to South Carolina and whose wife was named Frances), probably Matthew (who accompanied Joseph and Nicholas Gentry to North Carolina), and probably John (who bought land from David Gentry in Louisa County and then followed the other Brooks to Lunenburg County). All of these are found repeatedly in Lunenburg County records. (A daughter of Matthew Brooks may have been the first wife of Joseph Gentry's oldest son, Samuel. They were neighbors in Surry County, North Carolina at the time of Samuel's marriage and Samuel's oldest son was named Matthew.) The brother of Richard Sr of Lunenburg, Robert Brooks, was the partner of
Nicholas Gentry in first acquiring land along the Meherrin River in Lunenburg
County. He also had a son Richard Brooks ( who can be
distinguished from the other Lunenburg Richards by the name of his wife
Lucretia). One further Brooks, Artha, was probably a son of
Robert as the latter sold land to him before Robert left Lunenburg County to move
to Halifax County, Virginia.
Coming Articles Selected References (continued) Nicholas Gentry
17. Lunenburg County Deed Book
18. Landon C. Bell, op. cit. The entries
for Nicholas include:
Joseph Gentry
20. Surry County, NC, Will Book Will of Joseph Gentry (written 17 Nov 1804) received for probate. (Lists wife Agnes, sons Samuel and Shelton, daughters Elizabeth, Anna, Agnes, Judith, Sarah and Susannah, and a daughter Mary of a deceased son William. Disposition of slaves Charles, Jemima and Hannah included in will.) Allen Gentry Indenture of sale between David Allen & Martha his wife, and Allen Gentry proved by oath of 2 witnesses and ordered to be certified. [Acreage and location not indicated.] 22. Lunenburg County Deed Book David Allen of Johnston Co NC and Allen Gentry of Lunenburg Co VA to Richard Haggard, for 30 pounds, sold 100 acres on Creeched (Crooked) Creek, adj. Johnson's line, Black, Butler, and [Elisha?] Brooks...Wit: John Hanna Smith, John Colson, Elisha Brooks... 23. Landon C. Bell, "Cumberland Parish, Lunenburg County,
Va, Vestry Book 1746-1816", Richmond, VA, 1930. (includes among other
entries):
24. Halifax County Court Book 26 Jul 1802 Will of Allen Gentry (signed 21 Dec 1801) received for probate. (Lists wife Mary; sons Shadrack, Meshack and "Obednigo" (Abednego); daughters Mary Buchanan and Agnes Whitmore; and grandson Shadrack, son of "Obednigo". The will provides for the disposition of slave men Jack, Toney and Toby, three negro women Lucky, Hanna and Amy, and two negro children Hanna and Enos.)
26. Katherine Reynolds, "Abstracts of Cumberland County,
Virginia, Will Books 1 and 2, 1749-1782", Southern Historical Press, Easley, SC,
1985.
1754 Jun Court, Bk(3-93) 28. Weynette Parks Haun, "Johnston County, North Carolina, Abstracts of Deed Books A-1 to D-1, 1759 thru 1771", Durham, NC, 1981. 1759 Apr 23 Bk(A1-40) 30. Lunenburg Court Order Book 1765 Jun Court, Bk (11-73) 31. Jo White Linn, "Surry County, North Carolina, Will Abstracts Vol I-III, 1771-1827", Salisbury. NC 1974, p.107 1812 Feb Court, (Bk 3-100) 1758 Jul Court, Bk(5-95B) 33. Lunenburg County Deed Book
34. Mrs. W. O. Absher and Mrs. Robert K. Hayes, "Surry County, North Carolina, Court Minute Abstracts", Vol I (1768-1785) 1773 May 14 Vol I, p.4:
36. Katherine B. Elliott, "Early Settlers Mecklenburg County Virginia, Vol II", reprinted Southern Historical Press, Easley, SC, 1983, p.133: 1767 Oct 5 Mecklenburg County Deed Book (1-538) 37 Surry County, NC, Deed Book Allen Gentryy, Nicholas Gentry, Jeremiah Gentry and Samuel Gentry, joint heirs of Samuel Gentry, dec'd, of the State of South Carolina, ... to Humphrey Cockerham of Wilkes County... sell [400 ac] .. lying in County of Surry ...on the Fox Knob mountain...
39. Revolutionary War Pension reference, National Archives
microfilm copies
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
© 2001, W.M. Gentry - All rights reserved. This article may be reproduced in whole or in part for non-commercial purposes provided that proper attribution (including author and journal name) is included. |